do psa help reduce distracted driving incidents

As they were walking beside the road, a 19-year-old driving at 70 miles per hour struck Julie from behind, killing her instantly. Safe driving requires maximum attention because there are other users on the road. LaTour & Zahra, 1989: p. 61 Given the pervasiveness of handheld technology in our society, there has been growing concern about the risks involved with using such devices, specifically cell phones, while operating a vehicle. Question: Can A Public Service Announcement Psa Help Reduce The Number Of Distracted Driving Incidents. The issue of distracted driving has been a popular topic in research and the subject of numerous campaigns and laws. These findings are in line with those of prior research, which have often found that males and females respond differently to PSAs using fear appeals, with females being more responsive. Lennon, Rentfro & OLeary, 2010: p. 96 "This latest operating system includes a Do Not Disturb While Driving mode (DND) that can block notification of incoming calls and texts when your iPhone senses driving motion or is connected. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Females agreed with the two intention measures more strongly than did males. Por favor elige tu regin Por favor escolha a sua regio Brennan and Binney (2010) ). Learn how to drive distraction away and get drivers to keep their eyes (and mind) on the road. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Talking on the phone. A lock ( LockA locked padlock ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Efforts to reduce the prevalence of distracted driving come in all sizes, from government-run public awareness campaigns to guides for safety professionals on how to reduce distracted driving (and other types of distraction in the workplace) to reduce injuries and protect workers. ; This study focused specifically on the distracted behavior of text messaging while driving. As quoted by How many accidents are caused by distracted driving each year? Whether its adjusting your mirrors, selecting music, eating, making a phone call, or reading a text or emaildo it before or after your trip, not during. The dependent variable was college students reported intent to text while driving. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Over half of the students perceived the PSA as believable and thought it would be beneficial to air on television. You can get the message from the website. 20 percent of the distracted driving accidents have been fatal. Thats a lot of groundbut it can also be hard to visualize. Judy Teater is a founding board member of FocusDriven, the first national nonprofit organization devoted specifically to raising awareness about the dangers of distracted driving. Hastings, Stead, & Webb, 2004 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (2011), Lennon, Rentfro, & OLeary, 2010: p. 96, Lennon, Rentfro, & OLeary, 2010: p. 95, Dahl, Frankenberger. PSA (Public Service Announcement), Districted Driving, Third-Person Effect. Affective response (general) scale. Lewis, Watson, & Tay, 2007: p. 49 Write the claim you will present in your argument essay. One of the biggest distractions, texting and driving, has tried to be solved in many ways. Nicholson & Xiao, 2011: p. 2529 These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. One Text or Call Could Wreck It All Phone In One Hand - Ticket In The Other U Drive. ). Do PSA help reduce the number of distracted driving incidents? But in fact, these technologies distract our brains even long after youve used them.. Nine percent of drivers involved in fatal crashes are reported to have been distracted. Suddenly, the driver in front of them made an illegal left turn through a red light. In their study of road safety advertisements, Drivers have also been issued citations for texting and driving or engaging in another distracting activity while driving, and 9 out of 10 have continued to do so. Tagged Distracted Driving, Driving Safety, Toll-free: (866) 962-9575Direct: (613) 962-9577, phones arent even the biggest cause of distraction, Looking at others for mistakes to keep yourself safe, Traffic Accident Avoided Due to SafeStart. ; Both of these associations suggest that the third-person effect was not present in this sample because students first-person opinions and their opinions concerning others moved in the same direction. Phone: (202) 366-4570 The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Lennon, Rentfro, & OLeary, 2010 Davison, 1983: p. 3 Among fatal crashes involving distracted drivers in the U.S. in 2019: A higher percentage of drivers ages 1520 were distracted than drivers age 21 and older. These results are highly representative of normal driving populations, where most respondents have not been involved in a collision or received a moving violation within the past 5 years. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Lennon, Rentfro and OLeary (2010) Comprehensive GDL systems include five components 8-9, one of which addresses distracted driving: the young passenger restriction. Specifically they point out that maladaptive responses, such as ignoring or suppressing the message within the advertisement, can occur in viewers and suggest that only those individuals who are psychologically healthy are actually persuaded by and benefit from such campaigns ( There are no cellphones and no one takes their eyes off the road. Several federal regulations target distractions for workers: NHTSA has issued voluntary guidelines to promote safety by discouraging the introduction of both. Anderson, 1995 First, most previous research in this area has utilized young adults in their samples ( Advances in Journalism and Communication After sifting through hundreds of online distracted driving videos, here are eleven of the best distraction-related clips that highlight the problemand even propose a few solutions. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Students who texted or emailed while driving were also more likely to report other transportation risk behaviors. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. They note that not every individual responds to fearful messages in the same way; rather, responses to fear appeals depend on the perceptions people develop concerning the enormity of the pending danger and on their evaluations of its effect ( Lennon, Rentfro and OLeary (2010) Don't drive blind Watch on "Thank You" This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Distracted driving is a huge issue in our society. This campaign is aimed at teen drivers to help reduce the risks of distracted driving-related car accidents in Massachusetts and elsewhere, according to Consumer Reports. Bob & Eilene Okerblom Santa Maria, CaliforniaWATCH: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rr7TfwtO17IOn July 25, 2009, 19-year-old Eric Okerblom was killed when his bike was struck by a truck traveling at 60 miles per hour. Chaudhary, N.K., Casanova-Powell, T.D., Cosgrove, L., Reagan, I., & Williams, A. Lewis, Watson and Tay (2007) As the NSC points out, drivers53% of thembelieve if manufacturers put infotainment dashboards and hands-free technology in vehicles, they must be safe. Many government agencies and nonprofit organizations in the United States utilize social marketing; their prerogative is to induce those who view the advertisement (i.e. Remind them driving is a skill that requires the drivers full attention. Having a Public Service Announcement (PSA) will reduce the distracted driving incidents because, people will show the serious consequences, raise awareness, reduce the numbers in distractions car. Anderson, 1995: pp. Speak up if you are a passenger in a car with a distracted driver. ). It Starts with You: Zero Tolerance for Distracted Driving, 2021 National Sheriffs' Association. Elissa Schee St. Augustine, FloridaWATCH: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vB22cW1ZMYOn September 23, 2008, 13-year-old Margay Schee was riding home from school when a semi-truck slammed into the back of her school bus near Citra, Florida. Theres a number of them out there, and they range from funny takes on our inability to multitask to heartbreaking interviews with car crash victims. (2019). Course Number: Date: Can A PSA Help Reduce Distracted Driving Accidents? ; There are a few more forms of distracted driving that could cause an accident. To honor her brother's memory, Loren Vaillancourt has been using her visibility as Miss South Dakota 2010 to speak with schools and organizations throughout her state about the dangers of distracted driving. From 2010 to 2013, NHTSA evaluated distracted driving HVE demonstration projects in four communities. To do this, a chi-square test was run for gender and intention to text while driving. & Manchanda, 2003: p. 268, Lewis, Watson, Tay, & White, 2007: p. 213, Hastings, Stead, & Webb, 2004: pp. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Raising awareness through PSA's is one of the many helpful ways to allow drivers to focus their attention properly on the road. Can You Shoot A Hawk If It Is Killing Your Chickens? Anything that takes your attention away from driving can be a distraction. found the third-person effect to play out within their study participants. A PSA can help reduce the number of distracted driving incidents. ). ; Tanner, Hunt and Eppright (1991) LaTour & Zahra, 1989 Many anti-distraction ads show cinematic, slow-motion car crashes to convey the danger of taking your eyes off the road. That is, advertising messages in this category may grasp audience awareness in the short-term, but may not necessarily accomplish the objective of enhancing driver safety in the long-term. These include banning texting while driving, implementing hands-free laws, and limiting the number of young passengers who can ride with teen drivers. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. To learn if behavioral change actually occurs, study subjects could be involved in follow-up research with a qualitative research methodology. All Rights Reserved, National Sheriffs' Educational Foundation, Domestic Violence & Crime Victim Services, Inmate Health Care & Recidivism Task Force, National Law Enforcement Center on Animal Abuse, NSA Crisis Management & Communication Training, Occupant Protection/Child Passenger Safety. There are three types of driving distractions, Distracted driving impacts thousands of Americans each year, Some groups are more at risk for distracted driving, States are working to prevent distracted driving, The Federal Government is working to prevent distracted driving, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A 30-second PSA against distracted driving from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration served as the independent variable. Previous research has looked at the ways in which fear is used and the effectiveness of doing so ( This study took a quantitative approach to examine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, and answered the aforementioned research questions. ). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. ; Tanner, Hunt, & Eppright, 1991 The ad discourages distracted driving by portraying three different drivers, each using a cellular telephone while driving, in what appears to be an everyday American setting. Of course,PSA can help to reduce the number,of distracted driving incidents,but not to much.maximum 10%,because people can't still realize how dangerous it is,before they won't face the same problem.But we can see here second view of point.Maybe PSA can help reduce the number of distracted driving more,than 10% ?.. Visually distracted drivers avert their gaze from the road, manually distracted drivers remove their hands from the steering wheel, and cognitively distracted drivers lose focus while driving ( On average, eight people are killed and one thousand one hundred sixty one people are injured due to accidents involving distracted drivers, particularly due to texting. , it involves all three of the main distraction types mentioned previously. Afterwards, they will complete a self-report questionnaire regarding their perceptions of the ad and their intent to engage in cell-phone use while driving. Advertisements in this category tend to promote real-life practices or ideas rather than products or services. Schoenbachler & Whittler, 1996 Studying the dataset in SPSS led to some conclusions about the sample. In the United States, over 3,100 people were killed and about 424,000 were injured in crashes involving a distracted driver in 2019. The researcher first wanted to know how many individuals in the sample had previously seen the PSA used in the present study. What percentage of drivers are distracted? CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. The present study lacked a pre-test to compare students initial opinions to those after viewing the PSA. In 2010, a national summit comprised of safety experts, industry leaders and several U.S. senators was held to examine what potential regulations could be enacted to solve this social danger ( It may create a number of awkward social situations but it could lead to safer drivers (at least when theres someone in the passenger seat). Moreover, even though drivers of any age could suffer consequences of driving distracted, there seems to be a greater propensity for younger drivers to engage in this behavior. Sending a text message, talking on a cell phone, using a navigation system, and eating while driving are a few examples of distracted driving. Distracted Driving It was a seemingly normal day, and Jacy and her family were driving southbound. Future research could examine whether any differences in response to PSAs such as the one used here exist with regard to other demographic factors, such as whether one belongs to a majority or minority group. The majority of people said that safety and PSA messages are useful, with some saying that they are more effective than other media. Its a deadly trend on American roads, and its getting worse. There's a new public service announcement (PSA) being used to help educate drivers about the risks, dangers and consequences of texting while driving. The results of this study demonstrated that participants who viewed the self-efficacy PSAs were better able to discourage others from driving under the influence of alcohol than were the participants who viewed the consequence-based control PSA ( The national distracted driving effort focuses on ways to change the behavior of drivers through legislation, enforcement, public awareness, and education. A public service announcement, or PSA, can be defined as, a type of advertising, sponsored by either government agencies or other organizations, to promote causes and activities generally considered socially desirable ( While the effectiveness of cell phone and texting laws requires further study, high-visibility enforcement (HVE) efforts for distracted driving laws can be effective in reducing cell phone use while driving. Related research on physical threat appeals has found that, when compared to other messages, adolescents react more positively to public service announcements that depict negative social consequences ( LaTour and Zahras (1989) ). The goal of the ad is to elicit fear and compliance into the audience by insinuating that they, too, could have a vehicle wreck on the road if they use their cell phones while driving. It shows the real-life impact of distracted driving on victimsand the effect is profound. The goal behind this strategy is grounded in the notion that fear makes individuals feel tense and anxious, thus they will seek ways to reduce these feelings ( Saving Lives, Protecting People, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, states graduated driver licensing system, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration and the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, CDC MMWR Transportation Risk Behaviors Among High School Students Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019, CDC MMWR Mobile Device Use While Driving United States and Seven European Countries, 2011, Governors Highway Safety Association Distracted Driving, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Distracted Driving, World Health Organization Mobile Phone Use: A Growing Problem of Driver Distraction, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Distracted Driving at Work, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Campaign Materials, Traffic Safety Facts Research Note: Distracted Driving 2019 (DOT HS 813 111), Overview of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administrations Driver Distraction Program (DOT HS 811 299), Transportation Risk Behaviors Among High School Students Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019, Evaluation of the NHTSA Distracted Driving High-Visibility Enforcement Demonstration Projects in California and Delaware, Evaluation of NHTSA Distracted Driving Demonstration Projects in Connecticut and New York, Countermeasures that work: A highway safety countermeasures guide for State Highway Safety Offices, 10, Technical Advisory: Shoulder and Edge Line Rumble Strips (T 5040.39, Revision 1), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Motor Vehicle Prioritizing Interventions and Cost Calculator for States (MV PICCS), What Works: Strategies to Increase Car Seat and Booster Seat Use, What Works: Strategies to Increase Restraint Use, What Works: Strategies to Reduce or Prevent Alcohol-Impaired Driving, Increasing Alcohol Ignition Interlock Use, Roadway to Safer Tribal Communities Toolkit, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The distractions comes from text messages, phone calls and radio. This means that over 78% of all distracted drivers are distracted because they have been texting while driving. Its a great visual example of how even a quick glance away from the road can lead to a potentially serious incident. Distracted driving is defined as, "any non-driving activity a person engages in that has the potential to distract him or her from the primary task of driving and increase the risk of crashing" ( NHTSA, 2011 ). Tanner, Hunt and Eppright (1991) 10 CDC's GDL Planning Guide According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, six percent of drivers involved in fatal crashes are distracted at the time of the crashes. In conclusion, the present study adds to previous research on this topic by exploring three research questions and contributing useful information pertaining to Texas State University students perceptions and intentions after having viewed a fear-arousing PSA. Lewis, Watson, & Tay, 2007 Kelson died the next day. Moreover, they may have harmful effects for those members of society who are less psychologically stable or vulnerable ( In addition to providing great turns of phrase like stupid death by smartphone, it also offers a common-sense solution (with no handholding required). The Affective Response (General) Scale by These statistics substantiate the claim that many young adults, by their own admission, are engaging in a very distracting behavior while driving. Texting and driving is the leading cause of car accidents in the US. Therefore, creators of PSAs should investigate young adults motivations behind engaging in distracted driving in order to better influence their behavior. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Distracted Driving Campaign Under the leadership of U.S. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood, the Department of Transportation launched an aggressive national campaign in 2009 to end the dangerous practice of distracted driving, and specifically texting and cell phone use behind the wheel. This issue presents a problem for social marketers because the advertisements they create are seemingly reached by primarily one gender instead of both. The absurdity of texting while kissing or during yoga makes you question why texting while driving would be any different. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International License (CC BY-NC). First, with regard to descriptive characteristics, it was found that the sample was 42.2% male and 57.8% female. However, males as a group appear less influenced by physical appeals intending to target them ( If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services. ). She was texting at the time of the crash. The driver, an 18-year-old man, had picked up his phone to make a call and didn't see the light turn. LaTour & Zahra, 1989: p. 63 78.4% of respondents disagreed with the statement The PSA is too graphic. This result could be explained by the fact that the particular PSA shown did not utilize extreme gore as some fear-arousing advertisements do; it could also reflect the notion mentioned in the previous literature that adolescents today are more accustomed to frightening appeals in the media. Concerns Regarding the Use of Fear Appeals. altered the original Protection Motivation Model in their study of college students responses to fear- provoking messages about sexually transmitted diseases. . Public service announcements are a great way to communicate. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. The researcher will analyze the survey data quantitatively to answer three research questions as follows: RQ 1: What is the impact of viewing an anti-distracted driving public service announcement on students perceptions and intent? ; found that the young men and women in their studys sample did not respond to the public service announcement they viewed in the same manner. Though Show More. With regard to the content of the PSA, the following statistics were reported. Moreover, since they tend to be the target audience, young adults could be helpful in designing the content and messages in distracted driving PSAs. Seriously. Lennon, Rentfro, & OLeary, 2010 Rogers (1983) Copyright 2015 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. NHTSA, 2011 She was killed when rescuers were unable to get her out of the burning wreckage. What Kills More People Drunk Driving Or Texting And Driving? Part One 1. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (2011) Get the Message is available for download on www.distraction.gov. The subjects will be shown one time a thirty- second public service announcement from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administrations campaign against distracted driving. The data showed that 47.1% of students somewhat agreed and 16.7% strongly agreed that they were less likely to text while driving after viewing the PSA. The Protection Motivation Theory, originally developed by Lennon, Rentfro, & OLeary, 2010: p. 95 If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. ). Is Parallel Parking On The Driving Test In Ny? This lighthearted PSA doesnt need a graphic car crash to make its point. Like the previous clip, this video takes place on a driving track. Official websites use .govA .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Results showed that a significant positive correlation existed between the variables measuring students intention to text while driving after having seen the PSA and students perception that viewing the PSA would help prevent the average 18 - 24 year old from texting while driving. Bruner, 2009: p. 15 Lewis, Watson and Tay (2007) , was described and then modified by Laurie Hevier St. Paul, MinnesotaWATCH: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pHBWyUQxx4On April 15, 2009, 58-year-old Julie Davis set off for a hike with her best friend in Rudolph, Wisconsin. , proposes that people will tend to overestimate the influence that mass communications have on the attitudes and behavior of others (p. 3). Contrary to past research, this study did not find support for the third-person effect. You can review and change the way we collect information below. To honor her memory, Casey's family and friends produced their own video for the U.S. Department of Transportation's "Faces of Distracted Driving" series. Using an app. The video ends with a simple message: Other people make mistakes. The implication is that you cant control other drivers, but there are steps you can takelike slowing down and paying attentionto mitigate others mistakes. Approximately 60% of respondents reported they strongly agreed that the PSA is believable and that the PSA should be played on television. When asked if they were able to discern which organization sponsored the PSA, just under one-quarter (24.5%) of the sample agreed that they could do so. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Vol.03No.04(2015), Article ID:61738,8 pages A Public Service Announcement (PSA) can help reduce the number of distracted driving accidents by explaining the horrible effects of distracted driving and the best ways to prevent distracted driving. In line with past literature, males and females in this sample responded differently to the message, with females being more responsive. Intentions to engage in distracted driving were measured by asking students to rate their agreement or disagreement regarding the likelihood that they would text while driving and speak up when they were passengers with a driver who is texting. To explore this question, the data were analyzed for correlations between a question about a generalized audience (third-persons) and a question specific to the respondent (first-person).

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