general extrusion comsol

One option involves a sweep of the geometry, removing the geometry (excavation) one step at a time. The rest of the boundary loads will describe the three struts. The periodic velocity field, indicated by the arrows, is solved in one domain and mapped into the others. Tutti i diritti sono riservati. The materials have already been created and set up for this model. Segregated approach and Direct vs. Iterative linear solvers Once a strut is activated, it will generate a force proportional to the struts stiffness and the horizontal displacement. we first need to invert the expression L=\frac{x_s}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x_s}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}) and write x_s in terms of L. Thats no fun at all! In this blog post, we will take a look at how to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a point in your geometry, and illustrate how to implement a dynamic probe using an example model. Here, V refers to the electric potential at a point on the bottom side, while genext1(V) refers to the electric potential vertically on the top side. Add a soil plasticity node and you can see that the yield criterion is DruckerPrager, but we still want to match it to the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The top and bottom surfaces are thermally insulated, and there are no heat sources. Note that the source map needs to be one-to-one for the inverse to exist. I need to obtain a whole bunch of data in the variables section, ef., Mass fraction, Density and others. A prescribed displacement is also needed for the wall_soil boundary created earlier. this defines if you should us a linear or general Extrusion or Projection An example of defining such a rotation matrix is detailed in this previous blog post. Hello Oluwaseyi, This sounds like a case of a variable name used twice, but you may want to reach out to the support team for help. Similarly, on side 2, we need access to the electric potential V_1 on the other side of the junction. We begin by adding the General Extrusion coupling operator from the definitions toolbar as shown in the screenshot below: Therefore, only a single operator is needed to map the velocity field into all of the domains. At a point P_d in the destination entity, we want to compute a quantity that is a function of another quantity defined at the source entity. Center: Temperature along the parabola. To begin, lets focus on how to replicate a Linear Extrusion operator with a General Extrusion operator. Thank you for your time. The flow solution on this unit cell is also plotted, as shown below. The default plot shows the von Mises stress. To see how this General Extrusion operator maps variables, consider a plane stationary heat conduction problem with the left and right edges at temperatures of 300 K and 400 K, respectively. To map the solution from one domain into the other domains that are offset by a known displacement along the x-axis, the destination map uses the expression x-Disp for the x-expression. For example, to map data from a boundary around a centerline, introduce a cylindrical system, and use those coordinate system variables to define the source and destination map. Then the naming and differentiation between time and spatial variables is . at an interface. Now you know how to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a moving point. When using Linear Extrusion operators, we visually indicate the mappings for enough points (bases) and COMSOL Multiphysics figures out how to transform the remaining points. The Micromixer tutorial, available in our Application Gallery, is an example of such a model. The parameters J_s, q, k, \textrm{and } T represent the following, respectively: the saturation current density, the electronic charge, Boltzmanns constant, and temperature. But finally COMSOL basics is a PDE solver tool for a given subset of useful functions, of the type used for common physics (that fits in the global or coefficient form. This approach, as explained earlier, is limited to cases in which the source and destination are related by affine transformations. In this example, one expression is sufficient enough to uniquely relate any destination point in the square domain to a source point on the parabolic curve. The source domain(s) can be the domain(s) on which the destination point(s) are defined. We are then looking at the problem of evaluating the temperature at a point that follows the rotating wafer material. In this example, the operator is used by the Transport of Diluted Species interface to define the velocity field (illustrated below). In the 4.0a interface i do not know where to define the variable Va ( source) and its expression (V). The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. I have a 1D model (time dependent) and a 2D model (stationary). In addition to simply copying known quantities, these operators can be used to create nonlocal couplings between unknown variables, as illustrated in our p-n junction example. listed if standards is not an option). Schematic diagram of COMSOL coupling with external code RMC. -- the destination map, not sure what the source frame should be. The results of the analysis, including the concentration and the mapped velocity field, are depicted below. Right-click study 1 to compute the model. Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. Standard and precision custom aluminum extrusions in 3000 and 6000 series alloys; Complete aluminum extrusion components including your finish requirements. Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. The companys manufacturing operations, which include a Youngstown, Ohio plant, comprise 220,000 square feet. Click plot to view the displacement at the different excavation depths. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. Box 3488 Youngstown, OH 44513. General Extrusions is engaged in fabrication, anodizing, and powder coating, as well as aluminum finishing and machining. This button displays the currently selected search type. If the nonlocal couplings you want to simulate are not included in the built-in features of COMSOL Multiphysics, you can use the strategies youve learned today to implement them. Using source and destination maps to define implicit relations between source and destination coordinates in a General Extrusion operator. The boundary load applies a force on the excavation side of the retaining wall, equal to (and therefore negating) the in-situ stresses, for any part of the wall that is below the virtual excavation depth. For example, to map data from a boundary around a centerline, introduce a cylindrical system, and use those coordinate system variables to define the source and destination map. Shu Heng Khor . -- Now we will create a 1D plot and a line graph, with the wall diaphragm as the selection. Extrusion operators can be used to make couplings between points in the same component or different components. Several cases are illustrated in the table below. The operator genext1 is not known inside the 3D component comp2; neither is T. If we want to use the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric component as an input in the 3D component, we have to use comp1.genext1(comp1.T). General Extrusions specializes in providing secondary fabrication operations to transition an aluminum extrusion to a finished component. One option is to use the General Extrusion coupling operator. Posted 15 feb 2011, 16:18 UTC Welcome to General Extrusions Inc. In these first two examples, the Use source map check box in the Source section of the settings window has been left unchecked. We were the 1st North American Aluminum Extruder to achieve ISO 9002 Certification. Thus, every point in the original domain is mapped along the positive x-direction by the specified displacement. General Extrusions is owned and run by the Schuler family. Both source and destination are two-dimensional, as well as the intermediate mesh (srcdim = idim = dstdim). COMSOL Multiphysics filled in x and y in the first case and r and z in the second case. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. The Shockley diode equation for the current-voltage (I-V) relation is used at the junction. Additional settings are shown below. Such devices feature small channels that are filled with fluids carrying different chemical species. Modeling an Excavation in COMSOL. Thanks for replying. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version The model is solved in two steps first, the Laminar Flow physics interface is solved, and then the Transport of Diluted Species interface is solved. Submit feedback about this page or contact support here. Two boundary selections have been created and renamed wall_diaphragm and wall_soil. Any affine transformation can be expressed as the sum of a linear transformation and a translation operation. Note that V refers to the electric potential at a point on the top side while genext2(V) refers to the electric potential vertically on the bottom side. Now that we know how to find the corresponding coordinates of the source point, given any point (x,y) in the destination, we enter the right-hand side of the above equation (without the subscripts) in the destination map of the General Extrusion settings window. listed if standards is not an option). How to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a moving point http://comsol.com/c/10mb Here is an interesting question: How can we easily probe the solution at a point that is moving in time, but associated with a stationary geometry?. All selected faces must lie in the same plane. Now, if desired, it is possible to model the entire device shown above. Discussion Closed This discussion was created more than 6 months ago and has been closed. Left: Temperature varies linearly from left to right. All you need are the time-dependent coordinates of the point where you would like to evaluate the temperature. I guess your problem is that there is no recalculation after defining genext1, and this error will not be prompted after the calculation. I apologize of my explanation sounds vague or ambiguous. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. The incident heat flux from the laser is modeled as spatially varying, with time varying coordinates for the location of the incident heat flux. Here, the p-n junction in a diode is represented by a thin gap in the geometry. Enter in the equation shown which is the ramp function of the wall deflection, with an added term limiting the expression to occur only when the depth is below the strut. General Extrusions, Inc. produces aluminum extrusions in compliance with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) requirements. Extruding Data Along a Direction. Next, well look at how to use a General Extrusion operator to specify implicit relations. Using a General Extrusion operator to refer to the electric potential at a point on the other side of the junction. Submit feedback about this page or contact support here. Add a second distribution for the bottom boundary, and enter 2 for the number of elements. Therefore we want stress in the y-direction. Several cases are illustrated in the table below. With a voltage terminal at the bottom of the device and ground at the top of the device, the following results are obtained. We want a depth ranging from 0 to -26 meters with a step size of two meters. A little calculus gives us the arc length of the parabola between the origin and the source point (x,y). The corresponding normal current density for the Normal Current Density 2 node applied to edge 3 is -Js*(exp((V-genext1(V))/kTbyq)-1). Extruding Data Along a Direction Thus, the second line y^iexpression is left blank. the setting of the extrusion is shown in the attachment (the .PNG file ). have some questions. This computed flow field can then be used as input for the convection-diffusion equation governing the species concentration. Also, are there other approaches to do this? Online Support Center: https://www.comsol.com/support To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. Submit feedback about this page or contact support here. General Extrusions makes simple and intricate aluminum shapes through both long and short production runs. FIGURE 1. listed if standards is not an option). A typical microfluidic device. General Extrusions makes simple and intricate aluminum shapes through both long and short production runs. It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. We need to provide T_d and T_s, such that. Create the ramp function for activating the struts. A 2D parabolic curve given by \frac{y}{d} =(\frac{ x}{d})^2 is in a square domain of side d. Our task is to build an operator that maps data from this curve (represented in blue in the figure below) to different parts of the square. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. The plot below shows the temperature evaluated at the focal point of the moving laser: You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version Right click again to duplicate it twice, since we want similar settings for the second and third struts. Both cases involve mapping between points that share the same x-coordinate. The variable Disp is individually defined within each of the three domains, as shown in the figure below. In this example, since the x, y, and z-coordinates of the destination map are explicitly specified without any association with the coordinates of a geometric entity, it doesnt matter where we evaluate the General Extrusion coupling operator. If the structural boundary conditions are not axisymmetric, we can save time by performing an axisymmetric thermal analysis in one component, and then mapping the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric domain to the 3D domain for structural analysis in another component. Today, we will discuss General Extrusion operators, which are designed to handle nonlinear mappings and the mapping of variables between geometric entities of different dimensions. Thus, the latter quantity from a source point P_s needs to be copied to the destination entity. Note: This discussion is about an older version of the COMSOLMultiphysics software. listed if standards is not an option). This works and solution time is reduced to 118s so much more in line with the case without gaps! However, if we want to use variables from a 2D axisymmetric component in the physics node of a 3D component (i.e., thermal expansion), we need to utilize General Extrusion operators. Thank you. Rename this one Strut_2. This problem can be solved by using a General Extrusion coupling operator to dynamically map the solution at a particular point (moving or stationary) onto a fixed source. It also provides design assistance and engineering support. I have defined a general extrusion coupling operator to obtain the dependent variable (in my heat transfer case, the temperature "T") at a boundary. The velocity field is given by u and v, the fluid velocity in the x and y-directions, respectively. We can then consider examples in which the General Extrusion operator must be used. The time varying coordinates of the point at which we want to evaluate the temperature can be entered as the coordinates of the destination map. In this model, a laser moves radially inwards and outwards over a silicon wafer that is rotating on its stage. It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. They are not necessarily pertaining to the x or y coordinates in the source or destination. As in Example 1, we enter the expression on the right-hand side in the destination map. Add boundary 8 and change the y-axis data expression to v and use millimeters as the unit. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. Multiscale Modeling in High-Frequency Electromagnetics. For such a unit cell model, the walls of the channels are set to the Wall, No Slip condition. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). COMSOL Multiphysics includes built-in features pertaining to such physical effects. CNC Machining for Aluminum Extrusions. For the final part of the physics set up, we are going to add five boundary loads to the model. Why Do Road and Mountain Bikes Have Different Spoke Patterns? We can simply enter the time varying coordinates in the x, y, and z-expressions of the destination map. Previously on the blog, we introduced you to Linear Extrusion operators and demonstrated their use in mapping variables between a source and a destination. As the excavation reaches their depths, the struts are activated as long as the horizontal wall deflection is greater than what we allow it to be. All points in the domain with the same distance from the origin copy temperature from the same point on the parabola. Then the naming and differentiation between time and spatial variables is basically a convention issue, the math behind does not really change listed if standards is not an option). Extrusion operators are used to construct pointwise relations between source and destination points. The periodic modeling domain and the fluid flow solution. Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. For example, you can couple edges (boundaries) in 2D to edges in 3D; or couple 2D domains to 3D faces. Thank you Walter for a wonderful discussion. First a mapped mesh for the retaining wall domain. I suppose by point 2 you are referring to the second plot. Ivar. Note that the operator name is kept to its default: genext1. Take a look at the figure below. To apply what we have learned thus far, lets now build a diode model using the Electric Currents physics interface in COMSOL Multiphysics. The Copy Domain mesh feature can copy the mesh exactly, thereby avoiding any interpolation of the flow solution between meshes. Next, let's take a look at the settings of the . In the General Extrusion settings window shown above, the labels under Destination Map and Source read x^iexpression and y^iexpression rather than xexpression and yexpression. . The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. I deplore the glaring oversight of COMSOL: Considering how frequently one encounters problems that include a combination of Rotationally-Symmetric and Cartesian components, that COMSOL has not seen fit to provide a specific operator for this case! COMSOL provides Model Coupling Operators to implement such a mapping. For the y-axis data, the expression is y, and for the x axis, the expression is u, with millimeters as units. Using a General Extrusion operator to copy data from the 2D axisymmetric domain to the corresponding 3D domain. A one-to-one source map makes the search return, at most, one source point for a given destination point. The model in question is called Laser Heating of a Silicon Wafer, and can be found in the Model Gallery. In this example, a 26-meter excavation is modeled by means of a parametric sweep, with a step size of 2 meters. The same transforms can be implemented in three dimensions. The two circles in the geometry have centers at the origin and radii of 1.0 and 1.5. Only the data in the z-expression is mapped. The boundary condition at the top side is illustrated below. Email: [email protected]. The geometry has been previously created for this model, but all the steps are outlined in the model file to build the upper and lower layers of the soil, as well as the retaining wall and three embedded struts. Click the player button again to view all the parameter values in succession. En fournissant votre adresse email, vous acceptez de recevoir des emails de COMSOL AB et de ses filiales propos du Blog COMSOL, et acceptez que COMSOL traite vos informations conformment sa Politique de confidentialit. One option involves a sweep of the geometry, removing the geometry (excavation) one step at a time. There are two ways to model an excavation in COMSOL Multiphysics, both of which include a parametric sweep. In such cases, we can use projection, integration, average, maximum, or minimum component couplings. This site is under development. I didn't mean to do integration, what i meant is something like: Thanks for replying. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Next, lets take a look at the settings of the General Extrusion coupling operator. Now we can build the mesh and zoom in on the soil-wall boundary, to see the improved mesh. For meshing the model, sometimes an automatic mesh is sufficient, but we want to make our own for this model to improve convergence on the soil-wall boundary. Example 1 In our earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, we considered an affine mapping that pairs up points 1, 4, and 2 in the source domain to points 1, 5, and 3 in the destination domain. This time in the x direction and using the second general extrusion operator in the u0 field. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version

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