how did geography affect religious events in china

Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Shanghai is the main industrial city; Hong Kong is the leading commercial centre and port. Indeed, despite the political and social upheavals that frequently have ravaged the country, China is unique among nations in its longevity and resilience as a discrete politico-cultural unit. Why did geography study the spread of Christianity on a worldwide scale? Hainan Island has been vulnerable to manmade devastation in the past, such as lumbering and poaching, but now there are laws set in place to help protect this natural environment. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. There are just too many topics cover! Science, Math & Metallurgy in Early India, Ancient China Lesson for Kids: Money & Economy, Religion in Ancient China: Lesson for Kids, Geography of Ancient India | Climate, Landforms & Rivers. Over the centuries, provinces gained in importance as centres of political and economic authority and increasingly became the focus of regional identification and loyalty. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Southern China has a very subtropical climate and remains mildly warm to hot throughout the year. This influence exists in a religious culture for as long as geography can be said to be the most influential factor impacting everyday life. This relative isolation from the outside world made possible over the centuries the flowering and refinement of the Chinese culture, but it also left China ill prepared to cope with that world when, from the mid-19th century, it was confronted by technologically superior foreign nations. [2] In the modern West, the great religions of the world coexist side-by-side. 1993. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Ancient China developed along The Yellow River and Yangtze River, which are still protected today by natural barriers. Geographic Influences on Migration in the Caribbean, Central & South America, Political & Cultural Issues in Confucius' Time. 8 Why do dominant languages continue to spread around the world? Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. China's geography is very diverse. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. This conclusion lies at the heart of liberalism, an ideology that emerged in response to the religious wars of the 1500s and 1600s. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. The great majority of the population is Chinese (Han), and thus China is often characterized as an ethnically homogeneous country, but few countries have as wide a variety of indigenous peoples as does China. The Storm-god in the Ancient Near East. Rachel Payne Gill is a World Cultures teacher, and has her Master's in Education from Lamar university. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". In the Indian subcontinent, the fertile land and ample water resources led to the development of complex agricultural societies, which in turn led to the development of polytheistic religions such as Hinduism and Buddhism. 223 lessons. When he went out into the streets and saw sick, old, and dying people, he wanted to do something to change it. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". , saved through our faith in God.b. Geographical and geological conditions, which change very slowly, underlie agrarian religion in the Levant. There are also many seas that border China. In the region, Elijah and St. George are known and beloved for the trait of being defenders of true religion over and against false gods. Identifying the common geographical and cultural environment for these figures explains as well why these figures are not shared in the same way outside of the Levant. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . . But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. A geographer of religion attempts to understand how religious beliefs and practices affect people of a certain society and region. The most obvious change in political institutions was that the old feudal structure was replaced by systems of incipient bureaucracy under monarchy. Asad, Talal. The tallest mountains in the world, the Himalayan Mountains, are located on the southwestern border of China and served as a natural barrier for any influence or invasion from the west. The lens of geography, however, is far more useful in this instance than is that of world religions. Rather than searching within only the single silo of the religious tradition of Christianity in order to investigate in isolation the peculiar characteristics of St. George which results in precious little explanation using the lens of geography allows us to pan out, to investigate these same characteristics in other regional figures, across religious traditions, and across time, which helps explain not only the noteworthy and unusual characteristics of St. George, but also to identify developments and changes, as well as linkages and interconnections with other spatially and historically proximate religious traditions and figures, like Elijah and al-Khir, and even the ancient storm-god Baal-Hadad. These two seas are also connected to each other by the Strait of Taiwan that runs along the small section of coastline between China and Taiwan. The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part Two. In, Schwemer, Daniel. The Routledge Companion to the Study of Religion, 2nd ed. These natural barriers kept other civilizations from entering the region. Extremists who want to justify violence usually do so by cherry-picking passages of religious texts. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Eastern Mediterranean was shaped by certain geographical and climatological forces that enabled life, through rainfall agriculture, but that also limited life, due to a lack of largescale irrigative rivers, constant aridity, and the blight of frequent drought. He has since founded his own financial advice firm, Newton Analytical. Find an answer to your question How did geography affect religious event and development in West Asia in the Indian subcontinent and in chaina. Throughout the second half of the second millennium BCE and the first millennium BCE, Baal-Hadad often was named the patron deity of particular cities, inspiring local epithets of Baal-Hadad that linked him with those cities (e.g., Baal of Tyre, Baal of Aleppo). 2010. Example: In some cases, religious identity and ethnic identity are combined. The major seas in China are the East Sea, South Sea, and Yellow Sea. The Yellow Sea lies along the eastern coast of China between China and the Korean Peninsula, and it also extends into the Western Pacific Ocean. Provincial power reached its peak in the first two decades of the 20th century, but, since the establishment of the Peoples Republic, that power has been curtailed by a strong central leadership in Beijing. A traditional world religions perspective remains prevalent within religious studies textbooks and theoretical approaches (Asad 1993, 27-54; Masuzawa 2005). That is because a traditional world religions perspective of these figures understood the figures only in isolation, uprooted from their local settings, and separated from their local communities. Most Americans polled in 2022 expect to see a civil war within their lifetimes. Indeed, even in the West, religious differences can be met with fear and spark conflict. Influence of geography on language development can be of many types: 1. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. China is a country located in east Asia.It has very diverse geographical features across the country, from many seas and mountains to deserts and tundra. These names do not refer to separate deities, but instead should be considered manifestations of Baal-Hadad as associated with a particular locality (Allen 2015; Schwemer 2008, 15-16; Haddad 1960, 46). Spencer, Allen. The trauma of this external challenge became the catalyst for a revolution that began in the early 20th century against the old regime and culminated in the establishment of a communist government in 1949. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Since the 1960s, the field of Geography of Religion has evolved in various ways, but one of its more important contributions is the contextualization of religion that is evident in local, geographically oriented studies of religion (Stump 2008, 177; Knott 2010, 476-491). China, the largest of all Asian countries, occupies nearly the entire East Asian landmass and covers approximately one-fourteenth of the land area of Earth, making it almost as large as the whole of Europe. Munich: De Gruyter. Geographers also take account of laws and social norms that shape religious practice in the present. The western region of the mountains is much drier than the eastern region. Tropical Rainforest - Hainan Province, China. The opposite is true. To be meaningful, of course, something must be relevant. Another way in which we can see the effects of geography on religious narratives, figures, motifs, metaphors, and structures in this example, in the area of the Levant is through the notion of agrarian religion, first identified and coined by James Grehan in his 2014 book, Religious traditions are always a product of both time and place. Masuzawa, Tomoko. What that means is that these figures usually have been studied only from within their individual religious traditions. What are the effects of religion to our culture? Being located exactly at the convergence of three continental plates the African, Arabian, and Eurasian has created the topography of the region and has resulted in three topographical zones: coastal plains in the west, a central band of mountain ranges, and plains and plateaus in the east. Ancient China is responsible for a rich culture, still evident in modern China. Omissions? Oftentimes, people with a shared heritage share cultural, religious, and ethnic characteristics. Phenomena and characteristics associated with agrarian religion endured in the region for a very long time indeed, and only began to be eclipsed during the course of the twentieth century CE. With its mountain ranges jutting upward next to the sea and just inland of a narrow band of coastal plains, the mountainous topography of the region governs which areas of the Levant attract rainfall the windward sides of the mountains and which areas are perennially dry the leeward sides of the mountains, which descend into dry plains and plateaus to the east. Probably, due to The Warring States period before China's unification in 221 BC. Like other early civilizations, Ancient China developed along rivers: the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. Thus, China grew independently with lesser external influence on its cultural growth. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. Its early civilization stayed contained within the natural barriers and did not start spreading until trade routes were developed. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What are the major ethnic groups in China? Hindu Deities | Who Are the Main Hindu Gods? China is a country located in east Asia. The lush plains of the east and west became populated areas of India. The four distinct regions of Ancient China are the Ancient China mountains, jungles, deserts, and tundra. These religions emphasized the importance of living in harmony with nature and the importance of social harmony, which was well suited to the agricultural way of life. It was the Silk Roads (land and maritime) that allowed many of the ideas and technological inventions of East Asian civilization paper, printing, gunpowder to reach the West, where their impact was profound. Georgic Cults and Saints of the Levant. In, Knott, Kim. In addition to laws, social norms have a huge impact on religious practice. What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? The second and third major features that have affected the geography of the Levant are related to water. The attempt to convert people through the use of violence has made a regular appearance throughout history. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. There were advantages and disadvantages to these natural barriers. China's two river systems have also greatly influenced its history and culture. Geography does not only affect where particular religions or belief systems, such as the world's major faiths, are located but it can affect how specific beliefs are practiced and behaviors that it encourages. As a native of the Levant, Haddad uniquely was positioned to have been aware, as well, of the common practices surrounding these figures between local communities of Muslims, Christians, Jews, and others. well because at the time that was the only religion that was flourishing and if not the biggest, one of the biggest religions in the world. Northeast China experiences short summers and cold, drawn out winters. The steps needed by a person to become good and prevent himself/herself from becoming evil. As geography becomes less of a barrier to communicating with other cultures because of the Internet, it makes sense that dominant languages continue to spread around the world reaching even the most remote corners of globe. Baal-Hadad: A Study of the Syrian Storm-god. PhD diss., University of Chicago. The holy spirit., what did the apostle of Jesus do which brought joy to many?, what do we need to do to understand and apply the teachings of jesus in our life., Why do we need to determine the cultural relativism in attaining the cultural understanding?. China is the worlds largest producer of rice and is among the principal sources of wheat, corn (maize), tobacco, soybeans, peanuts (groundnuts), and cotton. In general, the Eastern Mediterranean is arid, with rainfall totals decreasing from north to south and west to east, and with drought being a regular climatological condition. The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part One, Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 7, no. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Everest being the highest peak. For example take Canada its mainly made up of the protestant religion. succeed. China's physical geography made farming possible but travel and communication difficult. National Geographic Kids - 30 cool facts about China! After all, how can people with different values live together peacefully? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This would constitute apostasy, a crime which is punishable by death. However, before the ascendency of mass literacy, textual religion, the growth of a religious infrastructure that was sufficient to police and enforce particular theological positions, and a concomitant rise in exclusivist sectarian religious identities, religious communities in the Levant were marked more sharply by a shared agrarian religious culture than they were differentiated by distinct doctrinal characteristics. Corrections? Even irreligious people are profoundly influenced by religious ideas, practices, and power. Each had its own contribution to the region. Expert Answers. Religious conflicts can be avoided by understanding and compassion. Knott, Kim. It explores the ways in which religion, its symbols, rites, beliefs and hopes have shaped the world in which we live. Understanding the interaction between a natural environment and various human and cultural patterns is an essential aspect of geography. Advertisement Expert-Verified Answer 273 people found it helpful Sildonia Answer INDIA The lush plains of the east and west became populated areas of India. Religious groups often have long memories, and they can harbor resentment over past persecution for centuries. Ancient China. For example, in Yemen, it is illegal to convert from Islam to another religion. The phenomenon of local communities of Jews, Christians, and Muslims venerating Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir in the Eastern Mediterranean for at least the past 800 years is inextricable from the cultural and geographical contexts of the Eastern Mediterranean. Haddad, Hassan S. 1969. All of that, together with the regions water resources, of course, has affected the regional possibilities for the practice of agriculture. In southern Mesopotamia, the Sumerian god Ikur was responsible for storms, wind, lightning, rain, and thunder, but generally, he belonged to a less-important category of the great gods. how did geography affect religions event and development in west asia, in the indian subcontinent, and in china? Since religious texts offer profound reflections on human nature, many contain violent passages. When we study Elijah, St. George, and al-Khir as. Due to the natural barriers surrounding Ancient China, they did not have knowledge or access to other cultures for centuries. 4d. There followed a century of decline and decrepitude, as China found itself relatively helpless in the face of a foreign onslaught. Early Chinese civilization was largely influenced by the Yellow River and its annual floods. Many important religious notions, in the Levant, in Norse traditions, and certainly in every religious tradition have nothing whatsoever to do with geography. DepartmentBldg Tucson, AZ 85721 TEL 520-621-6897 FAX 520-626-9014. One major geographical feature of Ancient China is the Gobi Desert. The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies Part One,, Geography, Religion, Gods, and Saints in the Eastern Mediterranean, Media, Video and Lectures From The Arizona Center for Judaic Studies of the University of Arizona, Teaching the Bible in Public Schools and Higher Ed, Scholars, Frauds, the Media and the Public, Essays on Minimalism from Bible and Interpretation, Final Reports on the Yehoash Inscription and James Ossuary from the Israeli Antiquities Authority, Essays on the James Ossuary and the Temple Tablet from Bible and Interpretation, University of Arizona, Center for Judaic Studies, Department of Archaeology and Art History, University of Evansville.

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